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Tuesday, 08 March, 21:03, sergepolar.livejournal.com
http://books.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13117&utm_medium=etmail&utm_source=National%20Academies%20Press&utm_campaign=NAP+mail+new+3.8.11&utm_content=Downloader&utm_term=



Vision and Voyages for Planetary Science in the Decade 2013-2022

========

The highest priority large mission for the decade 2013-2022 is the Mars Astrobiology Explorer-
Cacher (MAX-C), which will begin a three-mission NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return campaign
extending into the decade beyond 2022.

The second highest priority Flagship mission for the decade 2013-2022 is the Jupiter Europa
Orbiter (JEO). However, its cost as currently designed is so high that both a decrease in mission scope
and an increase in NASA’s planetary budget are necessary to make it affordable. The projected cost of the
mission as currently designed is $4.7 billion FY2015.

The third highest priority Flagship mission is the Uranus Orbiter and Probe mission. The
committee carefully investigated missions to both ice giants, Uranus and Neptune. While both missions
have high scientific merit, the conclusion was that a Uranus mission is favored for the decade 2013-2022
for practical reasons involving available trajectories, flight times, and cost. The Uranus Orbiter and Probe
mission should be initiated in the decade 2013-2022 even if both MAX-C and JEO take place. But like
those other two missions, it should be subjected to rigorous independent cost verification throughout its
development, and descoped or canceled if costs grow significantly above the projected cost of $2.7 billion
FY2015.

The Recommended Program can be conducted assuming a budget increase sufficient to allow a
new start for JEO. It includes the following elements (in no particular order):
• Discovery program funded at the current level adjusted for inflation;
• Mars Trace Gas Orbiter conducted jointly with ESA;
• New Frontiers Missions 4 and 5;
• MAX-C (descoped to $2.5 billion);
• Jupiter Europa Orbiter (descoped);
• Uranus Orbiter and Probe
The Cost Constrained Program can be conducted assuming the currently projected NASA
planetary budget. It includes the following elements (in no particular order):
• Discovery program funded at the current level adjusted for inflation;
• Mars Trace Gas Orbiter conducted jointly with ESA;
• New Frontiers Mission 4 and 5;
• MAX-C (descoped to $2.5 billion);
• Uranus Orbiter and Probe
Plausible circumstances could improve the budget picture presented above. If this happened, the
additions to the recommended plan should be, in priority order:
1. An increase in funding for the Discovery program,
2. Another New Frontiers mission, and
3. Either the Enceladus Orbiter mission or the Venus Climate Mission.
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